INTRODUCTION. The preservation of the vena cava during the orthotopic liver transplantation has won followers, but the benefits of the temporary portocaval shunt during the technique of preservation of the vena cava or piggyback are still polemical. This study was aimed at evaluating the benefits of temporary portocaval shunt during liver transplantation with preservation of the vena cava. METHODS. A prospective randomized study was undertaken with 34 patients that received liver transplantation in "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital during 4 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups: A) with temporary portocaval shunt (n = 16) and, B) without it (n = 18). The piggyback technique was used in all the patients, and the hemodynamic and biochemical variables were measured. RESULTS. The preoperative data were similar. Surgical time was also similar (403 ± 77 min y 387 ± 56 min; p = 0.3). The requirements of red blood cells were lower in group A (3.3 ± 2.5 units versus 4.2 ± 2.9 units), although there were no significant differences. During the anhepatic phase, the reduction of the heart rate was lower in group A (- 6.8 % versus - 27.3 %; p = 0,05). Diuresis during this phase was higher in this group (3.6 ± 2.97 compared with 2.1 ± 1.38 mL/(kg · h); p = 0.005). No differences were found in the biochemical parameters in the first three days after transplantation, even though the values of creatinine were higher in group B. CONCLUSIONS. The use of the portocaval shunt during the liver orthotopic transplantation improves the hemodynamics, contributes to reduce the requirements of red blood cells and and protects the renal function, although it moderately increases the surgical time

INTRODUCCIÓN. La preservación de la vena cava durante el trasplante hepático ortotópico ha ganado adeptos, pero son aún polémicos los beneficios de la derivación portocava transitoria durante la técnica de preservación de la vena cava o piggyback. Este estudio persiguió el objetivo de evaluar los beneficios de la derivación portocava transitoria durante el trasplante hepático con preservación de la vena cava. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo aleatorio con 34 pacientes que recibieron trasplante hepático en el Hospital «Hermanos Ameijeiras» en un período de 4 años. Los pacientes fueron distribuidos en dos grupos: Grupo A) con derivación portocava transitoria (n = 16) y Grupo B) sin ella (n = 18). En todos los pacientes se utilizó técnica de piggyback y se midieron variables hemodinámicas y bioquímicas. RESULTADOS. Los datos preoperatorios fueron similares. El tiempo quirúrgico fue también similar (403 ± 77 min y 387 ± 56 min; p = 0,3). Los requerimientos de glóbulos fueron menores en el grupo A (3,3 ± 2,5 unidades frente a 4,2 ± 2,9 unidades), aunque no hubo diferencias significativas. Durante la fase anhepática la disminución del índice cardíaco fue menor en el Grupo A (- 6,8 % frente a - 27,3 %; p = 0,05), y la diuresis durante la fase anhepática fue también mayor en este grupo (3,6 ± 2,97 en comparación con 2,1 ± 1,38 mL/(kg · h); p = 0,005). No hubo diferencias en los parámetros bioquímicos en los tres primeros días después del trasplante, aunque los valores de creatinina fueron mayores en el Grupo B. CONCLUSIONES. El uso de la derivación portocava durante el trasplante hepático ortotópico mejora la hemodinámica, puede contribuir a reducir los requerimientos de glóbulos y protege la función renal, aunque incrementa moderadamente el tiempo quirúrgico

A prospective study that included all the patients with pheochromocytoma operated on at the General Surgery Service of "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Clinical and Surgical Hospital from June, 1984, to June, 2000, was conducted. 33 patients, 24 females and 9 males, were included. The affection predominated in the third, fourth and fifth decade of life. Arterial hypertension was the main clinical manifestation present in 85 % of th cases. The incidentaloma and the multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) II A were other forms of presentation. Computed axial tomography and ultrasound had a sensitivity of 95 and 100 %, respectively, for the diagnosis of the entity. Adrenalectomy was the elective treatment and the lumbar approach(84.8 %) was the most used. The pleural opening was the most frequent accident and the prevailing complications were pneumothorax and lumbar hematoma. The final result of the treatment was good in 28 patients (84.84 %) and 2 deaths were registered (6.1 %)

Se realizó estudio prospectivo que incluyó a todos los pacientes con feocromocitoma, operados en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras", durante el período comprendido entre junio de 1984 y junio de 2000. Incluyó a 33 pacientes, 24 mujeres y 9 hombres. Predominó la afección en la tercera, cuarta y quinta décadas de la vida. La hipertensión arterial fue la manifestación clínica principal, presente en el 85 % de los casos; el incidentaloma y la neoplasia endocrina múltiple (NEM) IIA fueron otras formas de presentación. La tomografía axial computadorizada y el ultrasonido tuvieron una sensibilidad de 95 y 100 %, respectivamente, para el diagnóstico de la entidad. La adrenalectomía fue el tratamiento de elección y la lumbar (84,8 %), la vía de abordaje más empleada. La apertura pleural fue el accidente más frecuente y las complicaciones predominantes fueron el neumotórax y el hematoma lumbar. El resultado final del tratamiento fue bueno en 28 pacientes (84,84 %) y ocurrieron 2 fallecimientos (6,1 %)

São determinadas as formas em que se encontra o fósforo nativo nos solos mais importantes do Estado de São Paulo. Dez amostras superficiais (A1) de solos foram fracionadas para a determinação das formas minerais e orgânica de fósforo.

Fractionation of phosphorus was made on ten samples (A1 horizon) of different types of soils, of the State of São Paulo, according to the method of Chang and Jackson. Red Latosols (Latossolos Roxos) showed for all forms higher levels of phosphorus than the o other Latosols studied except for the Al-phosphate. Terra Roxa Estruturada had a remarkable content of Ca-phosphate, being similar in other characteristics to the Latosols "Roxos". The different Podzolic Soils were uniform in phosphorus content. A predominance of occluded Fe-phosphate, about four times greater than the active Fe-phosphate, was observed. A comparison between the Latossolo Roxo - Terra Roxa Estruturada and the other samples showed that the former were, in all forms of phosphorus, richer than the latter, especially Ca-phosphate. In the Terra Roxa Estruturada, the Ca-phosphate level reaches 1.90 meq of PO4-3 per 100 g of soil (about 200 ppm of P). Organic P varied between 0.03 and 1.37 meq of P0(4)-3 per 100 g of soil. Considering the organic P as a percentage of the total P, a variation was noted between 9.8 and 31.3%. The soils studied showed the following P. fractions, in decreasing order of importance: occluded Fe-phosphate, Fe-phosphate, organic phosphate, Ca-phosphate and Al-phosphate.

Procurou-se, neste trabalho, verificar a influência da adubação N-P-K na produção de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) e no teor de material protéico, em solo previamente tratado com calcário. Conduziram-se quatro experiências no sul do Estado de São Paulo, utilizando-se um fatorial 2x4x2, com os níveis 0 e 60 kg/ha de nitrogênio, 0, 80, 160 e 240 kg/ha de P2O5. e 0 e 35 kg/ha de K2O. Foram altamente significativos os aumentos de produção proporcionados pelos três nutrientes. Evidenciou-se efeito marcante do fósforo, que, aplicado sozinho, na dose de 240 kg/ha de P2O5, provocou aumento da ordem de 730%, quando comparado com o tratamento sem adubação. No material protéico, houve efeito significativo e positivo para o potássio. A interação NP foi altamente significativa: na ausência do fósforo, a resposta ao nitrogênio foi positiva e altamente significativa.

This experiment aims at evaluating the influence of N-P-K fertilization on wheat yield in a soil previously limed. This study was carried out in the wheat producing area, in the southern part of the State of São Paulo. There were used two levels for nitrogen. O and 60 kg per hectare four levels for phosphorus, 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg per hectare, and two levels for potassium, 0 and 35 kg per hectare. The statistical analysis demonstrates signiticant differences at 1% level for the treatments. The reaction to phosphorus was remarkable, and it raised the yield up to 730% in the treatment 030, as compared with the control plot. The analysis for the proteic nitrogenous materials showed the positive effect of nitrogen in the absence of phosphorus. In this case, the increase in protein was 5.5%.

Com o objetivo de estudar a correlação entre a quantidade de potássio absorvido pelo arroz, avaliada através do método de Neubauer, e aquela obtida por diversos extratores químicos nos solos arenito Bauru e terra-roxa-misturada, é que se conduziu o presente trabalho. Os extratores utilizados foram os seguintes: água destilada, solução de ácido sulfúrico 0,002 normal; acetato de magnésio 0,5 normal, ácido acético 0,5 normal, ácido nítrico 0,2 normal, ácido sulfúrico 0,05 normal, acetato de amônio normal, ácido clorídrico 0,05 normal, acetato de amônio 0,5 normal, ácido nítrico 0,05 normal e cloreto de sódio 0,5 normal. As soluções extratoras que retiraram do solo a quantidade de potássio mais aproximada da absorvida pela planta foram: acetato de magnésio 0,5 normal, ácido acético 0,5 nortnal, ácido nítrico 0,2 normal, ácido sulfúrico 0,05 normal e acetato de amônio normal.

An attempt was made to correlate data on available soil potassium as determined with rice seedlings by the Neubauer's method with determinations carried out with the help of various extracting solutions. In increasing extracting power these solutions were the following: distilled water, 0,002 N sulfuric acid, 0,5 N magnesium acetate, 0,5 N acetitc acid, 0,2 N nitric acid, 0,05 N sulfuric acid, 1 N ammonium acetate, 0,05 N hydrochloric acid, 0,5 N ammonium acetate, 0,05 N nitric acid, and 0,5 N sodium chloride. Data obtained indicated that the extracting solutions that resembled most closely the rice seedlings power to extract potassium from the soil were 0,5 N magnesium acetate, 0,5 N acetic acid, 0,2 N nitric acid, 0,05 N sulfuric acid, and 1 N ammonium acetate.